sanction
The system of rewards and punishments attached by the legislator to the observance or violation of a law. A moral sanction has a two-fold purpose, one deterrent, influencing through the hope of reward and the fear of punishment, the other retributive, rewarding the observance and through proper punishments procuring the restoration of violated moral order. Sanctions constitute the necessary guarantee of the obligating character of the moral law. Experience proves their necessity and that the sanctions of this life such as remorse of conscience, sufferings, social and legal penalties, etc., are altogether inadequate to prevent violation of the moral code. Divine Wisdom and Justice demand a truly adequate sanction. Such complete and final sanction is not to be found in this world of struggle between good and evil, where the forces of evil at times seem victorious, but in the future life with its eternal rewards or happiness and the eternal punishments or misery through which goodness and virtue as well as Divine Justice are finally triumphant.
Fuente: New Catholic Dictionary
Sanction
(Lat. sancire, same root as sanctus).
Sanction signifies primarily the authoritative act whereby the legislator sanctions a law, i.e. gives it value and binding force for its subjects. Hence, objectively, the law itself is called sanction inasmuch as it is imposed on the consciences and obedience of subjects; thus ecclesiastical laws are often called sanctiones canonicoe. In more modern language every measure is called a sanction which is intended to further the observation of the law by subjects, whether the reward to whomsoever fulfills it, or the penalty or chastisement inflicted or at least threatened for nonfulfilment, whether it relates to presciptive laws which require something to be done, or to prohibitive laws which require that something be omitted. These sanctions in turn may result from the very nature of the law, which are internal sanctions like those of the natural law, or they may be added by a positive act of the lagislator, and these are external sanctions. Hence sanction is called moral, psychological, legal, or penal, according to the origin or the nature of it. (see ETHICS; LAW; PUNISHMENT.)
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A. BOUDINHON Transcribed by Robert B. Olson Offered to Almighty God for grace for the leaders, legislators, and judges of this world to protect the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death.
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XIIICopyright © 1912 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat, February 1, 1912. Remy Lafort, D.D., CensorImprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Sanction
SEE PRAGMATIC SANCTION.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Sanction
A sanction is anything which serves to move (and, in this sense, to oblige) a man to observe or to refrain from a given mode of conduct, any source of motivation, and hence, on a hedonistic theory, any source of pleasure or pain. Gay and Bentham distinguished four such sanctions
the natural or physical sanction, i.e., the ordinary course of nature,
the virtuous or moral sanction, i.e., the ordinary actions and judgments of one’ fellows,
the civil or political sanction, i e , the threat of punishment or the promise of reward made by the government,
the religious sanction, i.e., the fear of God, etc.
J. S. Mill labelled these external, and added an internal sanction, viz., the desire or the feeling of obligation to do the kind of conduct in question. See Obligation. — W.K.F.