The Eastern Orthodox Church, like the Roman Catholic Church, generally opposes abortion, viewing it as the taking of human life. Here are the key principles and beliefs that guide the Orthodox stance:
- Sanctity of Life: Eastern Orthodoxy upholds the sanctity of life and affirms that life begins at conception. The Orthodox Church, therefore, views abortion as the ending of a human life.
- Church Canons: The canons of the Orthodox Church condemn abortion. For instance, Canon II of the Quinisext Council (also known as the Council in Trullo held in 692 AD) equates performing an abortion with murder.
- Economy: The Orthodox Church applies the principle of “economy” in its pastoral approach to complex moral issues. Economy refers to the practice of finding the most compassionate and merciful solution within the bounds of Church tradition and teaching, even if it means straying somewhat from the letter of the law. In situations involving abortion, this might involve offering pastoral care, forgiveness, and a path to repentance and reconciliation for a woman who has had an abortion.
- Theological Considerations: Eastern Orthodoxy tends to emphasize the mystery and complexity of moral issues more than legalistic judgment. Therefore, while the Church condemns abortion, it may also acknowledge the difficult circumstances surrounding a decision to have an abortion.
- Public Policy: The Orthodox Church doesn’t usually promote a political stance in the same way some other Christian denominations might. While the Church maintains its opposition to abortion on moral grounds, it doesn’t typically campaign for the criminalization of abortion.
- Individual Conscience and Pastoral Care: In complex moral situations, Orthodox clergy are often called upon to provide pastoral care that takes into account the unique circumstances and challenges facing each individual.
It’s important to note that views can vary within Eastern Orthodoxy, with individual Orthodox Christians and clergy expressing a range of perspectives on this issue, reflecting the influences of personal experiences, cultural context, and interpretations of faith and morality.