But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.
13. hypocrites in heart ] Rather, godless in heart; comp. ch. Job 8:13.
heap up wrath ] Rather, lay up anger, i. e. in their hearts, Psa 13:2; Pro 26:24; they cherish anger at the Divine discipline (ch. Job 5:2). The “wrath” or anger referred to is their own, not that of God (Rom 2:5). The phrase does not occur elsewhere.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
13, 14. Such afflictions indeed are sometimes the means of revealing what character men are of, ch. Job 5:2.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath – By their continued impiety they lay the foundation for increasing and multiplied expressions of the divine displeasure. Instead of confessing their sins when they are afflicted, and seeking for pardon: instead of returning to God and becoming truly his friends, they remaian impenitent, unconverted, and are rebellious at heart. They complain of the divine government and plans, and their feelings and conduct make it necessary for God further to interpose, until they are finally cut off and consigned to ruin. Elihu had stated what was the effect in two classes of persons who were afflicted. There were those who were truly pious, and who would receive affliction as sent from God for purposes of discipline, and who would repent and seek his mercy; Job 36:11. There were those, as a second class, who were openly wicked, and who would not be benfited by afflictions, and who would thus be cut off, Job 36:12. He says, also, that there was a third class – the class of hypocrites, who also were not profited by afflictions, and who would only by their perverseness and rebellion heap up wrath. It is possible that he may have designed to include Job in this number, as his three friends had done, but it seems more probable that he meant merely to suggest to Job that there was such a class, and to turn his mind to the possibility that he might be of the number. In explaining the design and effect of afflictions, it was at least proper to refer to this class, since it could not be doubted that there were people of this description.
They cry not when he bindeth them – They do not cry to God with the language of penitence when he binds them down by calamities; see Job 36:8.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 13. But the hypocrites in heart] chanphey, the profligates, the impious, those who have neither the form nor the power of godliness. The hypocrite is he who has the form but not the power, though he wishes to be thought as inwardly righteous as he is outwardly correct; and he takes up the profession of religion only to serve secular ends. This is not the meaning of the word in the book of Job, where it frequently occurs.
They cry not] “Though he binds them, yet they cry not.” They are too obstinate to humble themselves even under the mighty hand of God.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The hypocrites in heart; such as are truly void of that piety which they profess; whereby he either secretly insinuates that Job was such a one; or gives him this occasion to search himself whether he were not so; or rather, admonisheth him not to carry himself like such a one, as he had hitherto done, and for which he reproved him, Job 34:8.
Heap up wrath, i.e. by their impious and obstinate carriage in all conditions, they treasure up Gods wrath against themselves.
They cry not unto God for help. They live in the gross neglect of God and of prayer.
When he bindeth them, to wit, with the cords of affliction, expressed Job 34:8, which is mentioned as an aggravation of their wickedness; because even wicked men, if not profligately bad, will seek God in time of affliction, Hos 5:15. Withal he secretly reflects upon Job as one that behaved himself like a wicked man, because though he cried out of God in way of complaint, yet he did not cry unto him by humble supplication.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
13-15. Same sentiment as Job 36:11;Job 36:12, expanded.
hypocritesor, theungodly [MAURER]; but”hypocrites” is perhaps a distinct class from the openlywicked (Job 36:12).
heap up wrathof Godagainst themselves (Ro 2:5).UMBREIT translates,”nourish their wrath against God,” instead of”crying” unto Him. This suits well the parallelism and theHebrew. But the English Version gives a goodparallelism, “hypocrites” answering to “cry not”(Job 27:8; Job 27:10);”heap up wrath” against themselves, to “He bindeththem” with fetters of affliction (Job36:8).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath,…. Or “and the hypocrites” s; for these are the same with the disobedient in
Job 36:12; who seem to be righteous, but are not; pretend to what they have not; have a double heart, Ps 12:2, or say one thing with their mouth, and mean another thing in their hearts; or with their mouths draw nigh to God, but their hearts are far from him, Mt 15:8; and so hypocrites, at least outwardly righteous before men, but inwardly full of wickedness, as the Pharisees were, whom our Lord often calls hypocrites, Mt 15:7: these “put” or add wrath, as Aben Ezra interprets it; they increase the wrath of God; or, as we express it, heap up wrath; or, to use the apostle’s phrase, treasure up wrath against the day of wrath: though some understand it of the wrath of the hypocrites against God for afflicting them; so Jarchi. When afflictions come upon them, they reproach and blaspheme; they are angry with God and are wrathful, and quarrel at his dealings with them: “they put the nose” t; so it may be literally rendered; they erect that against God, and point it at him in a proud, haughty, wrathful, and contumacious manner;
they cry not when he bindeth them; in fetters and cords of affliction,
Job 36:8; or when he corrects them, as Mr. Broughton rightly as to the sense renders it: they pray not, as Ben Gersom interprets it; whereas sanctified afflictions bring good men to the throne of grace, who have been too long absent from it: but these men cry not unto God for grace and mercy, help, assistance, and deliverance; they cry out against God, but not unto him.
s “et hypocritae”, Montanus; “et loripedes”, Schultens. t “ponent nasum”, Montanus; “ponunt nasum”. Schultens.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
13 Yet the hypocrites in heart cherish wrath,
They cry not when He hath chained them.
14 Thus their soul dieth in the vigour of youth,
And their life is like that of the unclean.
15 Yet He delivereth the sufferer by his affliction,
And openeth their ear by oppression.
He who is angry with God in his affliction, and does not humbly pray to Him, shows thereby that he is a , one estranged from God (on the idea of the root, vid., i. 216), and not a . This connection renders it natural to understand not the divine wrath by : (Rosenm. after Rom 2:5), or: they heap up wrath upon themselves (Wolfson, who supplies ), but the impatience, discontent, and murmuring of man himself: they cherish or harbour wrath, viz., (comp. Job 22:22, where signifies to take to heart, but at the same time to preserve in the heart). Used thus absolutely, signifies elsewhere in the book, to give attention to, Job 4:20; Job 24:12; Job 34:23, or (as Arab. wd ) to lay down a pledge; here it signifies reponunt s. recondunt (with an implied in ipsis ), as also Arab. sam , fut. i, to conceal with the idea of sinking into ( immittentem ), e.g., the sword in the sheath. With , for (Isa 50:2) or , the punishment which issues forth undistinguished from this frustration of the divine purpose of grace follows , as e.g., Hos 7:16. interchanges with , as Job 33:22, Job 33:28; (likewise a favourite word with Elihu) is intended just as Job 33:25, and in the Psa 88:16, which resembles both the Elihu section and the rest of the book. The Beth of has the sense of aeque ac (Targ. ), as Job 34:36, comp. , Job 34:26. Jer. translates inter effeminatos ; for (heathenish, equivalent to , as , heathenish, equivalent to ) are the consecrated men, who yielded themselves up, like the women in honour of the deity, to passive, prematurely-enervating incontinence (vid., Keil on Deu 23:18), a heathenish abomination prevailing now and again even in Israel (1Ki 14:24; 1Ki 15:12; 1Ki 22:47), which was connected with the worship of Astarte and Baal that was transferred from Syria, and to which allusion is here made, in accordance with the scene of the book. For the sufferer, on the other hand, who suffers not merely of necessity, but willingly, this his suffering is a means of rescue and moral purification. Observe the play upon the words and . The Beth in both instances is, in accordance with Elihu’s fundamental thought, the Beth instrum.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
(13) The hypocrites in heart.The words rather mean the godless or profane in heart.
They cry not.That is, cry not for help.
When he bindeth them.That is, as in Job. 36:8, he has been speaking especially of one kind of affliction, like that, namely, of Joseph.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Strophe c Hypocrisy of heart provokes the wrath of God a wrath which is cumulative, since the soul defiantly resists the divine chastisement, Job 36:13-15.
13. Hypocrites The Hebrew hhaneph frequently means also “impure.” In the opinion of some Elihu now specifies a third class.
Heap up wrath Thus Rosenmuller, Carey, etc. Others, however, read cherish wrath, ( against God.) But not the less do the “hypocrites in heart,” though they know it not, heap up wrath; or, as the apostle expresses it, treasure up unto themselves wrath against the day of wrath. Rom 2:5. “The judgments of God do not always follow crimes as thunder doth lightning. When the sun hath shined for the space of six hours upon their tabernacles we know not what clouds the seventh may bring. And when their punishment doth come, let them make their account in the greatness of their suffering to pay the interest of that respite which hath been given them.” HOOKER, Sermon on Joh 14:27.
They cry not, to God for pardon and help when “he bindeth them,” (as in Job 36:8,) but add to their sins “hardness and impenitence of heart.”
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
DISCOURSE: 489
HYPOCRISY EXPOSED
Job 36:13. The hypocrites in heart heap up wrath.
SUFFERINGS are to the soul what the furnace is to gold; they serve to ascertain the measure of its purity or its corruption. If under the pressure of them we humble ourselves before God, and correct whatever we may find to have been amiss, they will promote at once the renovation of our nature, and the honour of him by whose gracious providence they are laid upon us: but, if we murmur at them, and rebel against our God, they will betray a heart unsound and hypocritical. As to the measure of temporal advantage that shall accrue to those who patiently endure the Lords will, or to the temporal miseries that shall be sustained by hypocrites, we apprehend that Elihu, as well as the three friends of Job, was, though in a less measure than they, mistaken: but as to the eternal consequences of uprightness or hypocrisy, he was perfectly correct: The hypocrites in heart heap up wrath.
This expression is deserving of the most attentive consideration. But so to delineate the hypocrisy of the heart, as neither to encourage an undue confidence by distinctions that are inadequate, nor to wound the feelings of the upright by too refined distinctions, is a work of great difficulty. We will however, in dependence on Gods help, attempt it; and will proceed to describe,
I.
The characters here mentioned
The heart is the seat both of uprightness and hypocrisy: the upright are the upright in heart; and the hypocrites, the hypocrites in heart. Of those whose hypocrisy is gross and glaring, we shall forbear to speak [Note: See two most extraordinary instances; Ishmael. Jer 41:2-7, (N. B. his weeping); and Johanan, Jer 42:1-6; Jer 42:20.]. We will rather draw your attention to those whose religion is,
1.
Formal and vain-glorious
[The religion of many consists in an outward respect for certain forms, which, though not necessary in themselves, they think it expedient to observe, in order to maintain a reputation for piety, and to set a good example to the lower orders of the community. Different degrees of strictness obtain among them in relation to these things: some of a more zealous cast, say, as it were, Come, and see my zeal for the Lord: whilst others are contented with the round of duties, to satisfy their own consciences, and to enable them to say, What lack I more? But in all this there is nothing of regard for God: it is hypocrisy altogether: and hence our blessed Lord, speaking of such characters, says, Ye hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying, This people draw near unto me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me [Note: Mat 15:7-8.].]
2.
Partial and temporary
[Certain occasions sometimes arise to excite men to diligence in seeking after God: and, if the making of some particular sacrifices would suffice, they would willingly pay the price. But to follow the Lord fully, to give up themselves to him without reserve, to be steadfast and immoveable, and always abounding in the work of the world, this is more than they can consent to: and, when required to do these things, they, like the Rich Youth in the Gospel, renounce all hope in Christ, rather than forego the things to which their carnal hearts are more attached. Under the pressure of some heavy affliction, they are like men in a storm; who will rather throw overboard their provisions and the tackling of the ship, than suffer the ship to sink: but they cast not out their sins on account of the hatred they bear to them, but only from an apprehension, that, if not cast away, they will operate to the destruction of their souls: and, when the storm is over, they will be as ready as ever to return to their former habits. But all this argues an unsoundness of principle; and proceeds from hypocrisy in the heart. So the Scriptures uniformly declare [Note: Hos 5:15; Hos 6:4; Hos 7:16. Isa 26:16. Psa 78:34-37. See especially Job 27:8-10.] and so it will assuredly be found in the last day [Note: Mat 7:22-23.].]
3.
Weak and ineffectual
[The object of all religion is to renew and sanctify the soul: and if it produce not this effect, it is of no avail. The delivering us from gross immoralities is but half its work: it must purge the soul from all allowed evil, of whatever kind it be. If our religion prevail not to overcome our high thoughts of ourselves [Note: Hab 2:4.], and uncharitable censures of others [Note: Mat 7:3-5.]; if it do not enable us to govern and control our tongues [Note: Jam 1:26.], and indeed to rescue us from the dominion of every known sin, we are under a delusion, and deceive ourselves to our eternal ruin [Note: Mar 9:43-48.]. It matters not how high our pretensions may have been, or how exalted our reputation; the mask will at last be taken from our face, and our degradation be proportioned to the eminence from which we fall [Note: Job 20:4-7. with 33:14.]. The stony-ground hearers are not saved by their transient joys; nor are the thorny-ground hearers accepted on account of their stinted fruits: those only approve themselves truly upright, who bring forth fruit unto perfection, and have respect unto all the commandments [Note: Mat 13:19-23. Psa 119:6.].]
Little are such characters aware, what is indeed,
II.
Their melancholy employment
Every sinner may properly be said to be treasuring up wrath against the day of wrath [Note: Rom 2:5.]: but this is more particularly the case with hypocrites; because,
1.
Their sins are more heinous than those of others
[They are more insulting to the Majesty of heaven.The sins of all are heinous, inasmuch as they trample on the authority of God: but hypocrites pour contempt upon him: they say, in their hearts, Tush, God shall not see: the thick clouds are a covering to him: he cannot discern good from evil, but may be imposed on, like any of us. But how offensive must such thoughts be to the heart-searching God! and how greatly must they aggravate the guilt of any sins committed by us!
They are also more injurious to the Divine honour.Those who make no profession of religion may do what they will, and God is not dishonoured, any farther than as his authority is set at nought: but when a man pretending to be religious betrays his hypocrisy, the world cry out against God himself, blaspheming his holy name [Note: 2Sa 12:14.], and calumniating his blessed Gospel [Note: 2Pe 2:2.].
They are also more destructive to our fellow-creatures.Sins committed by others, pass unheeded; but committed by them, are made stumbling-blocks to the whole world. It is surprising how the ungodly triumph on such occasions; There, there, so would we have it! they are all hypocrites alike; religion is only an empty name; and they are most honest and most to be depended on, who discard it altogether.
Thus the sins of hypocrites are really more aggravated as to their guilt than others, and therefore they entail on those who commit them a heavier condemnation.]
2.
Their best actions, as well as their worst, augment their guilt before God
[If they come into the house of God, and offer the most costly sacrifices, they still only heap up wrath against the day of wrath [Note: Pro 21:27.]. God abhors their very best services [Note: Isa 1:11-15.], and accounts them no better than the cutting off a dogs neck, or offering him swines blood [Note: Isa 66:3.]. Their most common actions also, which have no reference to religion, are hateful to him: the very ploughing of the wicked is sin [Note: Pro 21:4.]. Thus wherever they are, and whatever they do, they are only swelling the number of their sins, and treasuring up for themselves a more accumulated load of misery to all eternity. Unhappy people! they think, perhaps, or may even be confident, that all is well with them; whilst yet their one employment is to add sin to sin in this world, and misery to misery in the world to come. And hence the portion of hypocrites is represented as that which is more terrible than any that will be assigned to any other class of sinners whatever [Note: Mat 24:51.].]
Infer,
1.
What need is there for self-examination!
[This is the improvement which God himself teaches us to make of this subject [Note: Gal 6:3-5.]. O search and try yourselves with all possible care; and, knowing how deceitful the heart is, beg of God to search and try it for you, that you may see if there be any wicked way in you, and may be led in the way everlasting [Note: Psa 139:23-24.].]
2.
How earnestly should we pray for the renewing influences of the Holy Spirit!
[So did David [Note: Psa 51:10.]; and so should we do. The old nature, however corrected, is corrupt still: we must be created anew in Christ Jesus, and be renewed in the spirit of our minds. To take away the heart of stone, and to give us hearts of flesh, is Gods work. O cry to him for it: and be not satisfied with a name to live, whilst you are really dead lest, like the Foolish Virgins, you be found destitute of that grace, which can alone prepare you for the coming of the heavenly Bridegroom.]
3.
How happy are they who have experienced a work of grace in their souls!
[These are accepted in all that they do; their prayers, their tears, their sighs, their groans, yea, their very thoughts, are all recorded in the book of Gods remembrance, and shall be brought forth to augment the eternal weight of glory provided for them [Note: Psa 15:1-2. with Mal 3:16-17.]. Ye, then, who are cleaving with full purpose of heart unto the Lord, and striving really to glorify him in all things, rejoice in the prospects that are before you: and keep your hearts with all diligence, that ye may be found Israelites indeed, in whom is no guile, and may stand perfect and complete in all the will of God.]
Fuente: Charles Simeon’s Horae Homileticae (Old and New Testaments)
Job 36:13 But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.
Ver. 13. But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath ] Or, Yet; or, Howbeit: q.d. These foul sinners, that have turned repentance into a form, and converted conversion itself into sin, though they see bad men made good and good men made better by their afflictions, and incorrigible persons destroyed before their eyes, yet they amend not by God’s hand upon them, but are the worse for it; as iron grows more cold after a heat, and as naughty boys are more stupid and more stubborn after a whipping. Hypocritis nihit stupidius. These hollow hearted ones heap up wrath against the day of wrath, as St Paul makes up this saying, Rom 2:5 , which shall fall upon the Jew first, because of his pretence to religion, and then upon the Gentile. Nemo enim magis iram meretur, quam amicum simulans inimicus, saith Bernard, No man more deserveth wrath upon wrath than a feigned friend but true enemy. Such are all hypocrites, whether gross or close. And hence our Saviour’s severity against such in the Gospel, but especially Mat 23:1-39 Neither let any such goat in sheep skin think to steal on Christ’s right hand at the last day; he shall uncase such and cashier them, yea, cast them into the hottest fire of hell, whereof hypocrites are as the freeholders, and other sinners but as tenants to them, for they shall have their portion with the devil and hypocrites. Some render it, Ponunt iram, and expound it incandescunt in Deum: When they are afflicted they wax hot against God, they gather wrath, as a toad swelleth when handled, as a serpent gathereth poison to spue out at those who meddle with him.
They cry not when God binds them
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
heap: Num 32:14, 2Ch 28:13, 2Ch 28:22, Rom 2:5
they: Job 15:4, Job 27:8-10, Job 35:9, Job 35:10, Mat 22:12, Mat 22:13
bindeth: Job 36:8, Psa 107:10
Reciprocal: Lev 14:41 – into an unclean place Job 8:13 – the hypocrite’s Job 13:16 – for an hypocrite Job 15:34 – the congregation Job 38:23 – General Job 40:13 – bind Isa 9:13 – the people Dan 9:13 – made we not our prayer before Hos 7:7 – there Hag 2:17 – yet Mat 12:32 – it shall not Luk 12:1 – which 1Pe 2:1 – hypocrisies
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Job 36:13-14. But the hypocrites in heart Such as are truly void of that piety which they profess; heap up wrath By their impenitence and obstinacy in all conditions they treasure up Gods wrath against themselves; they cry not Unto God for help. They live in the gross neglect of God and of prayer; when he bindeth them Namely, with the cords of affliction expressed Job 36:8, which is mentioned as an aggravation of their wickedness; because even wicked men, if not hardened in their vices, will seek God in a time of affliction. They die in youth They provoke God to cut them off before their time. The Hebrew is literally, Their soul dieth in youth. And their life is among the unclean They die young because they lived among prostitutes, or sodomites, as the word,
, kedeshim, properly signifies: they die by some exemplary stroke of divine vengeance. Yea, and after death their life is among the unclean, the unclean spirits, the devil and his angels, for ever excluded from the New Jerusalem, into which no unclean thing shall enter.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Job 36:13-21. The godless cherish angry thoughts about Gods disciplinethey refuse to cry for Gods help (Job 36:13). They die young, perishing like the sodomites (those religiously consecrated to unnatural vice; see Deu 23:17). God saves the afflicted by his affliction, and opens their ear by adversity (following in Job 36:15 b mg. instead of text). So God would have dealt with Job (Job 36:16). As it is, Job is visited by the Divine judgment (Job 36:17). Let not Job be led astray by his sufferings (Job 36:18). Nothing but suffering can avail to save him (Job 36:19). Let him not desire the calamity that overwhelms nations (Job 36:20), or choose iniquity rather than affliction.
Job 36:16-20 is a very obscure and corrupt passage. The general sense may be as above given; but almost every line is matter of dispute. In Job 36:18 read Because there is wrath (i.e. with God), beware lest thou be led away into mockery (Peake). The ransom alluded to in Job 36:18 b is the suffering which is the only way of deliverance and escape for Job. In Job 36:19 a we should perhaps translate will thy riches suffice, without distress. This is the rendering above implied but is by no means certain.
Job 36:20 is a crux interpretumwhy should Job desire the night when peoples are cut off (cf. however, Job 18:4)? In any case, what is the connexion with the context?
Fuente: Peake’s Commentary on the Bible
36:13 But the hypocrites {h} in heart heap up wrath: they {i} cry not when he bindeth them.
(h) Which are maliciously bent against God, and flatter themselves in their vices.
(i) When they are in affliction they do not seek God for help, as Asa in 2Ch 16:12.