And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and cast [it] into the great winepress of the wrath of God.
19. thrust in ] Cast as in Rev 14:16: but here the Angel himself plainly gathers, as well as supplies the instrument for gathering.
the great winepress ] Isa 63:2-3; Lam 1:15.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth – That is, into that part of the earth which might be represented by a vineyard; or the earth considered as having been the abode of wicked men.
And cast it into the great wine-press of the wrath of God – See Isa 63:1-6. That is, the wine-press where the grapes are crushed, and where the juice, resembling blood, flows out, may be used as a symbol to denote the destruction of the wicked in the last day; and as the numbers will be immensely great, it is called the great wine-press of divine wrath. The symbol appears to be used here alike with reference to the color of the wine resembling blood, and the pressure necessary to force it out; and thus employed it is one of the most striking emblems conceivable to denote the final destruction of the wicked.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 19. The great winepress of the wrath of God.] The place or kingdom where God executes his judgments on the workers of iniquity, whether pagans or persecuting Christians; Rome pagan, or Rome papal.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Dr. More thinks the sense of this is, that men were pressed in conscience upon the sharp conviction of Christs powerful ministers, with sorrow for their sins, and so felt the wrath of God in them. But Mr. Mede, with whom (as to the sense of this text) I rather agree, tells us, that the treading of the vintage, in parabolical Scripture, constantly signifies a cruel, bloody, and deadly slaughter; he thinks that it is the same slaughter mentioned Rev 19:19-21, as to which, Rev 14:15, much the same metaphor is used, he treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath, of Almighty God.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
19. “The vine” is whatis the subject of judgment because its grapes are not what God lookedfor considering its careful culture, but “wild grapes” (Isa5:1-30). The apostate world of Christendom, not the world ofheathendom who have not heard of Christ, is the object of judgment.Compare the emblem, Rev 19:15;Isa 63:2; Isa 63:3;Joe 3:13.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth,…. Before “upon the earth”, when the harvest was gathered in, the wheat being on the earth, but not belonging to it; but here “into the earth”, the vine being the vine of the earth, rooted in it, and natural to it:
and gathered the vine of the earth; the Arabic version reads, “of the whole earth”; in like manner as the tares in the parable are said to be gathered, and bound in bundles, and cast into the fire, which, as here, intends the destruction of the wicked, at the end of the world: this vine may be said to be cut down at the burning of the world, and to be gathered at the second resurrection, as the wheat harvest of the saints will be at the first resurrection:
and cast it into the great winepress the wrath of God; the same with the lake which burns with fire and brimstone, so often mentioned in this book: the torments of the wicked will lie in the wrath of God being poured forth upon them, and into them, which will be that fire that cannot be quenched, and that worm that never dies; and this is signified by the squeezing of grapes in a winepress, as God’s judgments in this world sometimes are, Isa 63:3 and which will be very heavy and intolerable, since this winepress will be trod by the Lord God Almighty: and it is said to be a great one, as it must needs be, to hold the vine of the whole earth, or all the wicked of the world, who will be like the sand of the sea, innumerable; and this will be big enough for them all, and they will all be cast into it at once. Tophet is deep and large, Isa 30:33.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Cast (). As in verse 16.
Gathered (). Like in verse 16, in obedience to the instructions in verse 18 ().
The vintage of the earth ( ). “The vine of the earth.” Here is used for the enemies of Christ collectively pictured.
And cast it (). Repeating and referring to (vintage) just before.
Into the winepress the great winepress ( ). is either feminine as in verse Rev 14:20; Rev 19:15, or masculine sometimes in ancient Greek. Here we have both genders, a solecism frequent in the Apocalypse (21:14 ). See Mt 21:33. For this metaphor of God s wrath see Rev 14:10; Rev 15:1; Rev 15:7; Rev 16:1; Rev 16:19; Rev 19:15.
Fuente: Robertson’s Word Pictures in the New Testament
The great wine – press [ ] . The Greek student will note the masculine adjective with the feminine noun, possibly because the gender of the noun is doubtful. The Rev., in rendering more literally, is more forcible : the wine – press, the great wine – press. See on Mt 21:33.
Fuente: Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament
1) “And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth,” (kai ebalen ho angelos to dreparion autou eis ten gen) “And the angel swung his sickle into the earth; If the primary purpose of the great tribulation is God’s final Judgment to natural Israel, in her rebellion against God, it appears that the end of the week is drawing near, Dan 9:26-27; Rev 13:4-5.
2) “And gathered the vine of the earth,” (kai elrugesen ten ampelon tes ges) “And he reaped (gathered) the vine of the earth,” the land, to one place, to Armageddon, that great and final battle before the Millennium, as described Rev 14:20.
3) “And cast it into the great winepress,” (kai ebalen eis ten lenon) “And cast it (or her) into the winepress,” (ton megan) “the great one,” the “it” who is cast into the winepress, Joe 3:12-13; appears to be that vine (Israel), who had rejected him, till the time of her being grafted in again, Rom 11:25-26; Mat 21:33-41; Luk 20:9-16.
4) “Of the wrath of God,” (tou thumou tou theou) “Of the impassioned fury, anger, or wrath of God,” for the final day of his wrath against the wicked had come, Rev 6:14-17; Rev 19:15.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
(19, 20) And the angel . . .The vine (i.e., the vintage of the vine), when gathered, is cast into the winepress of the wrath of God, the great (winepress). And the winepress was trodden without the city, and there came forth blood out of the winepress as far as the bridles of the horses, from a thousand six hundred furlongs (stadii). The outflow of the blood of the grapes pressed reached over a distance of sixteen hundred stadii. The treading of the winepress was a figure representing vengeance; the red juice of the grape strongly suggested the shedding of blood. (Comp. Isa. 63:2-4.) The winepresses stood usually outside the city: it is so represented here, not without an allusion to those who fall under the weight of this judgment because they have refused the defence of the true city and sanctuary. (Comp. Rev. 14:1 and Psa. 132:17-18.) The distance (sixteen hundred stadii), i.e., four multiplied into itself and then multiplied by a hundred, is symbolical (such seems the most probable meaning) of a judgment complete and full, and reaching to all corners of the earththe whole world, of which Satan is called the prince, is judged, and condemned, and punished (Dr. Currey). In the vintage and harvest is a piercing discrimination between the faithful fruit-bearing children of the King and the cowardly or selfish, whose hearts are for self and not for Christ, but who yield themselves servants to sin.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
‘And the angel cast his sickle into the earth and gathered the vintage of the earth and cast it into the winepress, the great winepress of the wrath of God. And the winepress was trodden without the city, and there came out blood from the winepress, even to the bridles of the horses as far as a thousand and six hundred furlongs.’
John sees vividly the activity of the winepress in which the grapes are trodden and when the juice overflows the red wine flows, so that the red wine looks like blood flowing from the winepress. This takes him on in thought to the great last battle. The language is anticipatory of Rev 19:11-21 where the heavenly horsemen go forth to judgment. It is stressing the greatness of the judgment with blood flowing for two hundred miles and deep enough to reach the horses’ bridles. Sixteen hundred is the square of forty emphasising again the greatness of the judgment. The flood was on the earth forty days and forty nights (Gen 7:12). This is a judgment far vaster than the flood.
‘Outside the city.’ It was right and appropriate that it should take place outside the city for that is where Jesus was crucified (Joh 19:20; Heb 13:12). It is where that which was plagued was taken (Lev 14:40-41). This is Har-Magedon (Rev 16:16 compare Rev 19:11-21), possibly the mountain overlooking Megiddo (it means ‘the Mount of Megiddo’), where great battles were fought of old, where God discomforted Sisera (Jdg 5:19; compare 2Ki 23:29; 2Ch 35:22), where God will defeat all His enemies (Rev 19:11-21). It is symbolic of a place of mourning (Zec 12:11). The judgment could not take place ‘within the city’ for Mount Zion is now in Heaven (Rev 14:1), the place of the redeemed.
The picture of the winepress has in mind Isa 63:1-6 where the One Who speaks in righteousness, mighty to save, has trodden the winepress of God’s enemies in His anger, ‘for the day of vengeance was in my heart and the year of my redeemed has come’ (Isa 63:4). As here He is avenging the ill-treatment of His people on the those who have maltreated them. The whole picture is emphasising the awfulness of God’s judgment. It is stressing that it is ‘a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God’ (Heb 10:31).
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
19 And the angel thrust in his sickle into the earth, and gathered the vine of the earth, and cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of God.
Ver. 19. And the angel thrust in ] Down go the Antichristians immediately, by the power and prowess of the Christian armies, thus edged and eneagered by their preachers. This we have seen fulfilled in our late wars to our great comfort, at Edgehill and Nazeby fight especially.
In the great winepress ] Lacus iste locus coedis. Such a lake, the place of devastation, This winepress is called Armageddon, Rev 16:16 .
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Rev 14:19 . The ungrammatical may be due to the fact that is occasionally masculine (Win. 8.10; Helbing, 46), or by a rough constr. ad sensum to apposition with (understood).
Fuente: The Expositors Greek Testament by Robertson
cast. As “thrust”, Rev 14:16.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Rev 14:19. [170] , cast) By the instrumentality of this angel, therefore, the grapes will be brought from the most ample vine of the earth into one wine-press.- ) Even with the Hebrews , , is feminine; but to there is added a masculine adjective, after the Hebrew custom (see Buxtorf. Thes. pp. 338, 399, 423): and this certainly here tends to an amplification of the sense: as also among the Greeks.[171] See Budi Comm. L. Gr. col. 1500, 1501. Formerly some thus interpreted it, without perceiving the Hebraism, He cast the great, that is, the haughty, ancient enemy, into the wine-press of the wrath of God. Thus Primasius has it, and Ansbert.
[170] , are ripe) for punishment. The wickedness,-displayed by men of every condition, who live in our age, with respect to all things which are contrary to faith, hope, and love,-can scarcely be thought capable of attaining to a greater increase. The appearance of the world is most abandoned, and altogether desperate.-V. g.
[171] Rec. Text reads : but ABCh Vulg. read .-E.
Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament
angel
(See Scofield “Heb 1:4”)
Fuente: Scofield Reference Bible Notes
and cast: Rev 19:15-21, Deu 32:32, Deu 32:33
Reciprocal: Isa 63:3 – trodden Jer 25:15 – Take Jer 25:33 – the slain Jer 50:26 – cast her up Lam 1:15 – as in Rev 14:16 – thrust Rev 15:1 – is filled
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Rev 14:19. As a literal fact a winepress is a large vat in which grapes are placed for extraction of the juice. In Bible times mechanical means had not been invented for pressure, and the result was accomplished by man power. A lattice-like platform was laid on top of the grapes and a number of men walked round and round over it until the juice was forced out, being received below through a trough running from the vat to a receiving vessel. The symbolic feature is in the fact that the desired result was accomplished by a treading under foot. The operation is used to symbolize the act of the Lord in trampling under his feet the wicked people of the earth. The flowing of the wine signifies the flowing of the wrath of God against men’s unrighteousness.
Comments by Foy E. Wallace
Verse 19.
3. The angel of judgment gathered the clusters of the vine of the earth, and cast it into the great winepress of the wrath of God–Rev 14:19. This was the vision of the terrible wrath of God that would be administered to the persecutors of His people.
The winepress of ancient time was an excavation in rock, formed in the ground, and lined with masonry, in which to crush the grapes. Another cavity was made in the proper place and shape to receive the juice. Such excavations are even yet to be found in Palestine and Syria. The treading of the winepress was performed with the feet, the red juice of the grapes flowing like blood. The reference to it was the symbolic description of the war against Jerusalem:
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Rev 14:19. The vintage is described. Not merely the grapes but the vine of the earth itself is gathered, the vine being wholly rooted out according to the words of the Lord, Every plant which My Heavenly Father planted not shall be rooted up (Mat 15:13). After this the vine is cast into the great winepress of the wrath of God.
Fuente: A Popular Commentary on the New Testament
Since those this angel harvests are cast into the winepress of God’s wrath, we believe they are the wicked. The winepress is used as a symbol of judgment in other places. ( Joe 3:13 ; Isa 63:1-6 ) The city the winepress is located outside of may be the new Jerusalem. The wicked thus would be punished out of sight of heaven. Sixteen hundred furlongs, or 200 miles, could be arrived at by multiples of the earth number, four, and a complete number, ten, or it might be the square of 40 since Israel wandered in the wilderness 40 years for their sins and some offenses received 40 lashes. ( Num 24:23 ; Deu 25:3 ) Either way, we come up with a number standing for the complete judgment of the wicked, since it is their blood that flows.
Fuente: Gary Hampton Commentary on Selected Books
The earth had yielded a crop of unbelievers that now, at the end of the Tribulation, would come into judgment. The angel took them from the earth to undergo judgment in God’s great grape press (cf. Isa 63:1-6; Lam 1:15; Joe 3:13).
"In Biblical days grapes were trampled by foot in a trough which had a duct leading to a lower basin where the juice collected. The treading of grapes was a familiar figure for the execution of divine wrath upon the enemies of God." [Note: Mounce, p. 282. Cf. Robertson, 6:416; and J. P. M. Sweet, Revelation, p. 232.]